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I have moved php application to new server. I am using mysql5 db. When I update or insert anything into the db, every character "

and -

is replaced with ?

. I use SET NAMES UTF8

and SET CHARACTER SET

, but it doesn't work. Any ideas?

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3 answers


SET NAMES UTF8

should be used on every page when selecting, and when updating or pasting.



In fact, this query should be used every time you connect to the database. just add it to connect the code.

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You need UTF-8 to the end to do smart quotes and dashes ("" -) and other non-ASCII characters reliably:

(1) Make sure the browser is sending you UTF-8 encoded characters. Do this by declaring a page that includes a UTF-8 form:

<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
    ...

(Ignore <form accept-encoding>

what doesn't work in IE.)

(2) PHP deals with the raw bytes and doesn't care what encoding they are in, but the database does, so you have to tell which encoding the bytes from PHP come in. This is what SET NAMES

, although mysql_set_charset may be preferred.



(3) Once the correct characters reach the database, they will need to be stored in Unicode to make sure all characters can fit. Each column can have a different encoding, but you can use DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8

when you CREATE table

want all text columns in it to use UTF-8. You can also set the default character set for the database or the entire server to utf8

if you like.

If you already have CREATE

d tables and they don't map to UTF-8, you will have to recreate or alter the tables. You can check the current sort with SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM sometable;

.

(4) Make sure that you are outputting HTML text from PHP using htmlspecialchars()

, and not htmlentities()

, which will mess up non-ASCII characters by default.

[As an alternative to (2) and (3), you can only use the default Latin-1 encoding for join and table storage, but at the same time put UTF-8 bytes in it. The disadvantage of this approach is that it will look wrong in relation to other tools that look at the database, and lower / upper case characters will not compare to each other in the case-insensitive manner expected.]

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I am assuming you are pasting some kind of text editor that converts "

to angular cute quote and converts yours -

to mdash, which makes it display as ?

.

While you are setting the database to accept UTF8 characters, you probably haven't set your web server / PHP to accept those characters. Try to play around with functions mbstring

, but make sure you arent using beveled quotes or dashes.

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