Quantifying dct coefficients in matlab
3 answers
MATLAB has a built-in function for DCT.
You need a signal processing toolbar. Enter 'ver' (without quotes) in the MATLAB command to see if you have one.
The code:
image = image; % define your image
[m,n] = size(image); % get size of your image
imvector = reshape(image, m*n, 1); % reshape your image to a vector to compute DCT
imdct = dct(imvector); % compute DCT
imagedct = reshape(imdct,m,n); \ reshape result back to original form of your image
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There is also an example in the help file which is very nice:
I = imread('cameraman.tif'); I = im2double(I); T = dctmtx(8); dct = @(block_struct) T * block_struct.data * T'; B = blockproc(I,[8 8],dct); mask = [1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0]; B2 = blockproc(B,[8 8],@(block_struct) mask .* block_struct.data); invdct = @(block_struct) T' * block_struct.data * T; I2 = blockproc(B2,[8 8],invdct); imshow(I), figure, imshow(I2)
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To quantize DCT coefficients, you simply divide each coefficient by the quantum term and round to whole numbers. Quantization terms are often unique to each coefficient and are stored in the quantization matrix.
There is a good example on Wikipedia. Here's how to implement this example in Matlab.
coef = [
-415 -33 -58 35 58 -51 -15 -12;
5 -34 49 18 27 1 -5 3;
-46 14 80 -35 -50 19 7 -18;
-53 21 34 -20 2 34 36 12;
9 -2 9 -5 -32 -15 45 37;
-8 15 -16 7 -8 11 4 7;
19 -28 -2 -26 -2 7 -44 -21;
18 25 -12 -44 35 48 -37 -3
];
quant = [
16 11 10 16 24 40 51 61;
12 12 14 19 26 58 60 55;
14 13 16 24 40 57 69 56;
14 17 22 29 51 87 80 62;
18 22 37 56 68 109 103 77;
24 35 55 64 81 104 113 92;
49 64 78 87 103 121 120 101;
72 92 95 98 112 100 103 99
];
quantCoef = round(coef ./ quant)
quantCoef =
-26 -3 -6 2 2 -1 0 0
0 -3 4 1 1 0 0 0
-3 1 5 -1 -1 0 0 0
-4 1 2 -1 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0
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